Define conjunctions???
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Answer:
A conjunction is a word or phrase that connects words, phrases, clauses, and sentences together. The word and is a commonly used example of a conjunction. Here are two examples of how we can use a conjunction like and in both a simple and complex way:
The flower is yellow and white. (connects two adjectives)
The flower is yellow, and it has a particular smell. (connects two sentences)
Conjunctions are useful in writing and speech to connect related ideas together, and they help us make our sentences shorter, less repetitive, or less confusing.
Conjunction examples
Some of the most commonly used words are conjunctions. Let’s take a look at some examples and how we would use them in sentences.
List of common conjunctions
The following list contains some of the most commonly used conjunctions:
and
but
or
so
because
however
after
since
during
than
unless
that
while
Types of conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions
A coordinating conjunction is a conjunction that connects two or more equal grammatical elements. In practice, this usually means a coordinating conjunction will connect the same parts of speech, such as a verb to another verb. For example:
Everyone sang and danced.
Importantly, coordinating conjunctions are the conjunctions used to connect independent clauses together. An independent clause is a phrase that can stand alone as a complete sentence. Take a look at the following two clauses:
He might have gone to the park.
He may have returned home.
These are both complete sentences. We can use a coordinating conjunction to join them into one sentence. If we do, the coordinating conjunction will follow a comma:
He might have gone to the park, or he may have returned home. (Or connects two sentences.)
Subordinating conjunctions
A subordinating conjunction is used to connect a subordinate clause, also called a dependent clause, to an independent clause. Unlike an independent clause, a subordinate clause cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence. For example:
where the buffalo roam (not a complete sentence)
However, we can use a subordinating conjunction to attach a subordinate clause to an independent clause. Subordinating conjunctions can either come at the beginning of a sentence or somewhere in the middle:
Whenever it rains, we stay inside and watch movies.
We stay inside and watch movies whenever it rains.
Correlative conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together. Some examples of correlative conjunctions include both … and, either … or, neither … nor, and rather … than. Each pair of correlative conjunctions has a different function. Here are a few examples:
I need flowers that are either red or pink. (lists two options)
She would much rather play outside than sit in the house. (states a preferred choice)
The dog was as big as a horse! (forms a simile)
Conjunction rules
For the most part, conjunctions aren’t too tough to use correctly. However, there are some rules to keep in mind.
Where to place conjunctions
In general, conjunctions are frequently used between the things they connect. For example,
I am hungry and tired.
He tried to buy some food, but the store was closed.
Cheetahs run faster than most other animals.
Two exceptions to this general rule are subordinating conjunctions, which can be used at the beginning of sentences, and the first of a pair of correlative conjunctions:
Since we were kids, we have loved riding roller coasters.
The soup has both carrots and onions.
It is often said that you can’t begin a sentence with coordinating conjunctions like and or but. However, this “rule” is often broken, and it is perfectly acceptable to begin a sentence with a coordinating conjunction. You just need to make sure your sentences are clear. For example:
You might think we know everything there is to know about dinosaurs. But you’d be wrong.
The Grinch never liked Christmas trees. Or anything else that had to do with Christmas