Define constituency.
29.What is secret ballot?
30.What is Volcano?
31.Distinquish between biotic and abiotic elements.
32.Who introduced Jaziya?
33.How does burning of leaves affected people?
34.What causes Tsunami?
SECTION-D
(5x4=20)
35.Write the difference between core and crust.
36.What was the contribution of king Dharampala in the field of learning?
37.Name five dynasties which ruled Delhi from 1206 to 1526 A.D.
38.Who approached Babur to invade Delhi?
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29. The secret ballot, also known as the Australian ballot or Massachusetts ballot,[1] is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are anonymous. This forestalls attempts to influence the voter by intimidation, blackmailing, and potential vote buying. This system is one means of achieving the goal of political privacy.
30. A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle
31. The biotic factor or biotic component is the living organism that shapes an ecosystem. Abiotic factors or abiotic components of an ecosystem are the non-living physical and chemical composition of nature. Biotic factors depend on abiotic factors for their survival and growth
32. Ahmad Shah
Ahmad Shah (1411-1442), a ruler of Gujarat, introduced the Jizyah in 1414 and collected it with such strictness that many people converted to Islam to evade it.
33. Leaf burning is banned in most municipalities because it leads to air pollution, health problems and fire hazards. Leaf smoke may also contain hazardous chemicals such as carbon monoxide, which can bind with hemoglobin in the bloodstream and reduce the amount of oxygen in the blood and lungs.
34. Volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and coastal rock falls can also generate a tsunami, as can a large asteroid impacting the ocean. They originate from a vertical movement of the sea floor with the consequent displacement of water mass.
35.(i)The core mantle boundary is located at the depth of 2,900 km. The outer core is in liquid state while the inner core is in solid state.
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Interior of the Earth.
Crust Core
(ii)It has an average density of 2.73. (ii)It has an average density of 17.2
36. Dharmapala was a Buddhist. He is credited with the foundation of the vikramashila monastery, which was one of the most important Buddhist seats of learning in India from the 9th to the 12th centuries AD. somapura mahavihara at paharpur was also a creation of Dharmapala.
37. The Delhi Sultanate
During this period of over three hundred years, five dynasties ruled in Delhi. These were: the Slave dynasty (1206-90), Khilji dynasty (1290-1320), Tughlaq dynasty (1320-1413), Sayyid dynasty (1414-51), and Lodhi dynasty (1451-1526).
38. The afghan nobles rebelled against Ibrahim Lodi. But, he defeated them and replaced them with seniors. These displaced nobles invited Babur to invade Delhi.
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3. biotic all living organisms like plants human etc
abiotic all non living thing like land water air etc
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