define de Broglie equation.
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Answer:
an equation in physics: the de Broglie wavelength of a moving particle is equal to the Planck constant divided by the momentum of the particle.
In 1924, French scientist Louis de Broglie (1892–1987) derived an equation that described the wave nature of any particle. Particularly, the wavelength (λ) of any moving object is given by:
λ = h/mv
In this equation, h is Planck’s constant, m is the mass of the particle in kg, and v is the velocity of the particle in m/s. The problem below shows how to calculate the wavelength of the electron.
If we were to calculate the wavelength of a 0.145 kg baseball thrown at a speed of 40 m/s, we would come up with an extremely short wavelength on the order of 10−34 m. This wavelength is impossible to detect even with advanced scientific equipment. Indeed, while all objects move with wavelike motion, we never notice it because the wavelengths are far too short. On the other hand, particles with measurable wavelengths are all very small. However, the wave nature of the electron proved to be a key development in a new understanding of the nature of the electron. An electron that is confined to a particular space around the nucleus of an atom can only move around that atom in such a way that its electron wave “fits” the size of the atom correctly. This means that the frequencies of electron waves are quantized. Based on the E = hv equation, the quantized frequencies means that electrons can only exist in an atom at specific energies, as Bohr had previously theorized.
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