Define decomposition and describe the processes and products of decomposition.
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Answer:
Decomposition can be defined as a process that involves the disintegration of complex organic matter from the body of dead animals and plants with the action of decomposers into inorganic raw materials such as water, carbon dioxide and other such nutrients. The different processes in decomposition are as follows:
(i) Fragmentation – It is the first phase in the decomposition process, it includes the disintegration of detritus into fine particles through the action of detritivores such as earthworms.
(ii) Leaching – here, the water-soluble nutrients penetrate into the layers of soil and get sealed as unavailable salts
(iii) Catabolism – Fungi and bacteria degrade detritus into fine particles through different enzymes
Decomposition is the process that involves the breakdown of complex organic matter or biomass from the body of dead plants and animals with the help of decomposers into inorganic raw materials such as carbon dioxide, water, and other nutrients.