define differentiation and dedifferentiation
Answers
★ Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation:-
→ Differentiation is the process in which the cells in meristems and cambiumndifferentiate and mature to perform specific functions.
→ In this process, cell walls and protoplasm undergo major structural changes. The capacity of cell division is lost.
→ Example:- Loss of protoplasm to form a tracheary element.
→ They also develop very strong, elastic, lignocellulosic secondary cell walls, to carry water to long distances even under extreme tension.
→ Under certain conditions, living differentiated cells regain the capacity of division. This is called dedifferentiation.
→ Example:- formation of meristems from differentiated parenchyma cells.
→ The dedifferentiated cells can divide and produce cells that again lose the capacity to divide but mature to perform specific functions. It is called redifferentiation.
→ Plant growth is open, i.e., it can be indeterminate or determinate.
→ Differentiation in plants is also open, because tissues arising out of the same meristem have different structures at maturity.
→ The final structure at maturity of a cell/tissue is also determined by the location of the cell.
→ Example:- cells positioned away from root apical meristems differentiate as root-cap cells, while those pushed to the periphery mature as epidermis.
Answer:
Explanation:
DEFFERENTIATION;
Differentiation is a permanent change in size, biochemistry, structure and function of cells, tissues or organs.
Example
The cells derived from meristems differentiate and mature to perform specific functions.
DEDIFERENTIATION;
The living differentiated cells that lost the capacity to divide can regain the capacity of division under certain conditions. This phenomenon is called dedifferentiation.
Example:
Formation of interfascicular cambium and cork cambium from differentiated parenchyma cells.