define electric cell with its types.
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Answer:
✍An electrical cell is an "electrical power supply". It converts stored chemical energy into electrical potential energy, allowing a current to flow from the positive terminal to the negative one via an external circuit. The positive terminal is called a cathode and the negative terminal is called an anode......
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A cell is used to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. Thus a cell create potential difference between two electrodes which promotes the flow of electrons from one electrode to another.
There are four types of cells which are classified on the advantages and disadvantages. They are namely :
1) Voltaic cell :
Voltaic cell was invented by Italian scientist Alessandro Volta in 18th century. In a voltaic Cell the electrolyte is dilute sulphuric acid,And the electrodes are copper rod and zinc rod.
In this cell the flow of electrons take place from zinc rod to Copper rod. Thus in this case zinc rod is negative electrode and copper is positive electrode. In this type of cell hydrogen gas is formed excessively. Thus due to Excess presence of hydrogen the potential difference of the cell decreases.
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2) Daniel cell :
Daniel cell was invented by J.F Daniel in 19th century. Daniel cell is divided into two parts separated by porous membrane copper sulphate solution is filled in one part and zinc sulphate solution is filled in another part . Zinc rod is dipped in zinc sulphate solution and copper rod is dipped in copper sulphate solution. In this cell zinc rod loses two atoms and this results in accumulation of electrons on zinc rod. These electrons are then transferred to Copper rod by the means of conducting wires, and thus Daniel cell establishes current in wire.
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3) Bichromate cell :
Bichromate cell consists of a mixture of potassium dichromate and sulfuric acid as an electrolyte. Three electrode are dipped in this solution of sulphuric acid and potassium dichromate . In which two electrodes are of Copper and one electrode is of zinc . Here copper electrode is positive electrode and Zinc electrode is negative electrode . Thus electric current is established in wire which is connected to both electrodes .
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4) Dry cell :
Dry cell is one of the most efficient cell used in nowadays . In dry cell there is a a zinc container which contains electrolyte in form of paste of manganese dioxide, Ammonium Chloride and powdered carbon . there is also carbon Rod dug inside the cell this carbon rod acts as positive electrode and the zinc container acts as negative electrode . after Connecting external conducting wires in positive and negative electrode current can be established .
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BY√\_________ SCIVIBHANSHU
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