define electric field?
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Answer:
electric field, an electric property associated with each point in space when charge is present in any form. ... The strength of an electric field E at any point may be defined as the electric, or Coulomb, force F exerted per unit positive electric charge q at that point, or simply E = F/q.
SI unit: volts per meter (V/m)
Derivations from other quantities: F / q
Behaviour under coord transformation: vector
The direction of the field is taken to be the direction of the force it would exert on a positive test charge.
Regarding electromagnetic waves, both magnetic and electric field are equally involved in contributing to energy density. Therefore, the formula of energy density is the sum of the energy density of the electric and magnetic field.
Properties of an Electric Field
Field lines never intersect each other.
They are perpendicular to the surface charge.
The field is strong when the lines are close together, and it is weak when the field lines move apart from each other.
The number of field lines is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge.
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- The electric field is theoretically described as a vector field that may be associated with each location in space, representing the force per unit charge exerted on a positive test charge at rest at that position.
- The electric field is created by an electric charge or by magnetic fields that change over time.
- The attraction forces that keep the atomic nucleus and electrons together are caused by the electric field at the atomic scale.
- A particle with electric charge q1 at position x1 exerts a force on a particle with charge q0 at position x0 of, according to coulomb's law.