Question

define equilibrium and explain its different types with examples.​

Answer 1

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• Equilibrium, in physics, the condition of a system when neither its state of motion nor its internal energy state tends to change with time. ... For a single particle, equilibrium arises if the vector sum of all forces acting upon the particle is zero.

Chemical equilibrium: When the forward reaction rate equals the reverse reaction rate in a closed system (no energy inputs or outputs)

• Static equilibrium: Amount of reactant and product are fixed and unchanging
• Dynamic equilibrium: Reactant is turning into product and product is turning into reactant, but at the same rate such that the concentrations of each are unchanged on a macroscopic scale
• Steady state: When a forward and reverse rate are equal in an open system (energy can come in and out of the system)

• Homeostasis: Balance in a complex system that may include diverse inputs and outputs

Physical equilibrium: When opposing forces are balanced such that the object experiences no net acceleration

• Static equilibrium: An object at rest experiencing balanced forces

• Dynamic equilibrium: An object experiencing balanced forces while at a constant velocity (no net acceleration) e.g. an object that has reached terminal velocity