Question

Define fractional distillation.

Answer 1

Fractional Distillation.

Separation process in which the volatile components (having different boiling points) of a mixture (such as crude oil) are split from one another by heating the mixture in a column and collecting and condensing the vapors drawn from different levels of the column..

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Answer 2

Fractional distillation:

$\bullet$ It is used when the boiling points of chemicals in a mixture are close to each-other.

Note: Usually within 77°F

$\bullet$ Fractionating columns used to separate the mixtures.

Example:

It is used in the separation of:

$\implies$ Crude oil into useful fractions