Question

Define groups and periods in Modern Periodic Table.
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Answer 1

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Define groups and periods in Modern Periodic Table.

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$\huge\fcolorbox{cyan}{pink}{Periodic table}$

Periodic table is a chart of elements prepared in such a way that elements with similar properties occur in the same vertical column (group). It is called periodic because elements with similar properties occur at fixed intervals (periods); and it is called a table because elements are arranged in a tabular form.

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1. The modern periodic table has eighteen vertical columns, comprising of groups (I to VIII and zero).

2. Elements of sub-group A, i.e. I A, II A, III A, IV A, V A, VI A, VII A, are known as main group elements or representative elements or the normal elements. These elements have their outermost shell incomplete.

$\huge\fcolorbox{cyan}{pink}{Periods}$

1. A period is a horizontal row of the periodic table. There are seven periods in the periodic table, with each one beginning at the far left. 

2. A new period begins when a new principal energy level begins filling with electrons. Period 1 has only two elements (hydrogen and helium), while periods 2 and 3 have 8 elements.