Question

Define :-

Halogenation
Fluorination
Chlorination
Bromination
Iodination

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Answer 1

Answer:

• chlorination mean to add chlorine tablets to dirty water in order to clean it .
• halogenation is a chemical reaction that involves one or more halogens.
• any reaction in which bromine are introduce into a molecule
• any reaction in which iodine is introduce into a molecule

I only know this much only.

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Answer 2

$\huge\underline\purple{\sf Halogenation :-}$

Replacement of H-atom by halogen atom .

Halogenation is made on exposure to (Halogen + alkane ) mixture to UV or at elevated temperature.

Reactivity order for halogenation shows the order.

$\large{\boxed{\sf F_{2}>Cl_{2}>Br_{2}>I_{2}}}$

$\huge\underline\purple{\sf Fluorination:-}$

Reacts exposively even in dark . Fluorination can be arhieved without violence when alkane is treated with $\sf{F_{2}}$ diluted with an inert gas like $\sf{N_{2}}$

$\huge\underline\purple{\sf Chlorination :-}$

The monochloro derivative of alkane is obtained as major product by taking alkane in large excess .

When Chlorine is in excess then perchloro derivative is obtained as major product

Example :-

$\large{\boxed{\sf CH_{4} + Cl_{2} →C + HCl }}$

$\huge\underline\purple{\sf Bromination:-}$

$\sf{Br_{2}}$ react with alkanes in a similar manner but less vigorously.

$\huge\underline\purple{\sf Iodination:-}$

Iodine reacts with alkanes reversibly. HI formed as the by product is a powdered reducing agent and is capable of reducing the $\sf{CH_{3}I\:to\:CH_{4}}$

Iodination may be carried out in the presence of an oxidising agent such as $\sf{HIO_{3},HNO_{3},HgO}$ etc which decompose HI.

EXAMPLE :-

$\large{\boxed{\sf CH_{4}+I_{2}⇋CH_{3}+HI}}$

$\large{\boxed{\sf 5HI+HIO_{3}→3I_{2}+3H_{2}O}}$

NOTE :-

Iodination is very slow because Energy of activation of the Reaction is very large .

$\large{\sf CH_{4}+I→HI+CH_{3}}$