Question

Define homologous series and mention the four characteristics of homologous series.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Four characteristics of a homologous series are: (i) The general formula of all compounds in the series is the same. (ii) They have the same functional group. (iii) Their physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, density, generally show a gradual change with increase of molecular formula in the series.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Homologous Series

A series of similarly constituted compounds in which the members present have the same functional group and similar chemical properties and any two successive members in a particular series differ in their molecular formula by a -CH2-unit, is called a homologous series.

Characteristics of a Homologous Series:-

• • All the members of a homologous series can be represented by the same general formula. Any two adjacent homologues differ by 1 carbon atom and 2 hydrogen atoms in their molecular formula.

• All the compounds of a homologous series show similar chemical properties.

• With increase in the molecular mass, the gradual change in the physical properties occurs, e.g. the melting and boiling points increase with increasing molecular mass.

• The difference in the molecular masses of any two adjacent homologues or members is 14 u.

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