Question

Define homologous series of carbon compounds. Mention any 2 characteristics of homologous series

Answer 1

Homologous series is a group of organic compounds having similar structure and similar chemical properties in which the successive compounds differ by $(CH) _(2)$ group.

1: All the members of a homologous series can be represented by the same general formula.

2:Any two adjacent homologous differ by 1 carbon atom and two hydrogen atom in their molecular formula.

Answer 2

Answer:

definition of homologous series : -

A series of compounds of the same family in which each member has the same type of carbon skeleton and functional group, and differs from the next member by a constantndifference of one methylene group (- CH_2 - )nin its molecular and structural formula is called as homologous series. An individual member of a homologous series is called homologue.

Characteristics of homologous series are :

(1) Each member of the homologous series can be represented by a general formula.

(2) Homologues have same functional groups and similar chemical properties.

(3) Two successive homologues differ by one-CH_2 (methylene) unit and hence molecular weight of each successive member differs by 14.

(4) All the members of a homologous series can be prepared by similar methods.

(5) Physical properties (like melting point, boiling point, density) of the homologues show a gradual change with increase in the molecular weight of the member. Example : Homologous series of alcohols have general formula C_n H_2n+_1OH.