Question

Define homolytic and heterolytic fission with example

Answer 1

Homolytic Fission or homolysis

If a covalent bond in a molecule undergoes fission in such a way that each bonded atom gets one electron of the shared pair, is called homolytic fission.

This type of bond cleavage results in formation of neutral species called free radical.

Example - Homolytic cleavage of a bond, A-B leading to the formation of free radicals, A° and B°

Heterolytic Fission or heterolysis

If a covalent bond undergoes fission in such a way that both the bonding electrons are taken away by one of the bonded atoms, it is called heterolyic bond cleavage. This type of cleavage results in the formation of cations and anions.

Example - Heterolytic cleavage of A-B leads to the formation of $A^{+}$ and $B^{-}$.

Answer 2

Fission is a process in which the nucleus of an atom divides and releases the large amount of energy.

Explanation:.

• Breaking of bond happens occurs
• When two atoms that forms covalent bond break apart
• They break in two ways.

-Homolytic fission

-Heterolytic fission

• Homolytic fission or hemolysis- It is a type of fission in which dissociation of the molecule takes place where the electron is obtained by the original fragments of the molecules.
• Here the neutrally charged molecule is subjected to homolytic fission,
• Two radicals are obtained as the product
• It is also known as homolytic cleavage or bond homolysis.

• Heterolytic fission or heterolysis -It is a type of fission in which the covalent bond is broken between the two chemical species and this breakage takes place in an unequal manner.

• The breakage results in which the bond pair is being obtained by one of the chemical species.

• Here the neutrally charged molecule undergoes heterolytic fission and one of the products will attain a positive charge and the other one gets a negative charge.