define hydrated and anhydrated salts and give example
Answers
Answer:
The key difference between hydrated salt and anhydrous salt is that the hydrated salt molecules are attached to water molecules whereas the anhydrous salt molecules are not attached to any water molecules. If we heat hydrated salts, they emit water molecules as water vapor.
Salts are compounds containing anions and cations in a crystalline form. A salt forms from the combination of the anion of an acid and the cation of a base. There are two forms of salts as hydrated salts and anhydrous salts. These compounds are different from each other according to the presence or absence of water molecules. We call these water molecules “water of crystallizationWhat is Hydrated Salt?
Hydrated salts are salt compounds that have water molecules attached to the salt molecules. A particular salt compound contains a certain number of water molecules. We call these molecules “water of crystallization” because these salt compounds have water molecules incorporated into the crystallization structure of the salt. These water molecules chemically bind with the salt molecules. These water molecules cause the shape of the crystals.
Difference Between Hydrated Salt and Anhydrous Salt
These hydrated salts form when ionic solids crystallize from aqueous solutions. When we remove this water from the salt crystals, it becomes anhydrous. A common example of a hydrates salt is copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O). Therefore, if we heat this compound, it converts into anhydrous copper sulfate. That is because when heated, the water molecules evaporate.
What is Anhydrous Salt?
Anhydrous salts are compounds that have no water molecules attached to the salt molecules. We use this term mostly when water of crystallization removes from hydrated salts. Therefore, the term anhydrous refers to a dry salt.
Key Difference Between Hydrated Salt and Anhydrous Blue Color when Hydrated
For example, anhydrous sodium sulfate is free of water. Therefore, we can use it as a drying material because it can absorb water and converts into the hydrated form.
What is the Difference Between Hydrated Salt and Anhydrous Salt?
Hydrated salts are salt compounds that have water molecules attached to the salt molecules. These compounds contain water of crystallization. If we heat these compounds, they emit water molecules as water vapor. Anhydrous salts are compounds that have no water molecules attached to the salt molecules. These compounds have no water molecules in the salt crystals.
Difference Between Hydrated Salt and Anhydrous Salt in Tabular Form
Summary – Hydrated Salt vs Anhydrous Salt
Salt are derivatives of a combination of acids and bases. There are two forms of salts as hydrated salts and anhydrous salts. The difference between hydrated salt and anhydrous salt is that hydrated salt molecules are attached to water molecules whereas anhydrous salt molecules are not attached to any water molecules.
Answer:
Hydrated salts have water within their crystals when the crystals are formed from water; an anhydrous salt is where the crystal has had the water driven out. Water of crystallisation occurs for two reasons. The first, the ion has a strong electric field and it polarises water such that the water tends to pack around the ions. (When the field from a charge polarises another material, there is an attractive force between them, which is why rods charged electrostatically will pick up light particles, like small pieces of paper.) When the salt crystallises, the ions take the water with them, and adopt some structure where even more water might be incorporated. This is the reason that salts like sodium sulphate crystallise with a lot of water of crystallisation.
The second reason is mainly for transition metal ions, where the lone pairs of water molecules form weak dative bonds with the ion, by completing the outer electron shell. This usually changes the energy levels of the d electrons, which is shown by a colour change. An example is the cupric ion, reasonably shown with copper sulphate. Water bonds to it, and the ion goes blue. Stronger dative bonding, such as with ammonia, leads to a more intense blue. The hydrated ions form the crystal, but on heating, the crystal powders and the material goes white.
In simple terms
Hydrated salt:
A compound with one or more chemically combined water molecule
Example: Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O)
Anhydrous salt:
A compound in which all water molecules are removed is called Anhydrous salt.
Example: Heating of Copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) produce anhydrous copper sulphate(CuSO4)