Question

Define Hydrochloric Acid.



Explanation




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Answer 1

Definition of hydrochloric acid

: an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride HCl that is a strong corrosive irritating acid, is normally present in dilute form in gastric juice, and is widely used in industry and in the laboratory

Hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid is a colorless inorganic chemical system with the formula H

2O:HCl. Hydrochloric acid has a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as strongly acidic and can attack the skin over a wide composition range, since the hydrogen chloride completely dissociates in aqueous solution.

Hydrochloric acid is the simplest chlorine-based acid system containing water. It is a solution of hydrogen chloride and water, and a variety of other chemical species, including hydronium and chloride ions. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical, used in the production of polyvinyl chloride for plastic. In households, diluted hydrochloric acid is often used as a descaling agent. In the food industry, hydrochloric acid is used as a food additive and in the production of gelatin. Hydrochloric acid is also used in leather processing.

Hydrochloric acid was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800 AD.[6][7] It was historically called acidum salis and spirits of salt because it was produced from rock salt and "green vitriol" (Iron(II) sulfate) (by Basilius Valentinus in the 15th century) and later from the chemically similar common salt and sulfuric acid (by Johann Rudolph Glauber in the 17th century). Free hydrochloric acid was first formally described in the 16th century by Libavius. Later, it was used by chemists such as Glauber, Priestley, and Davy in their scientific research. Unless pressurized or cooled, hydrochloric acid will turn into a gas if there is around 60% or less of water. Hydrochloric acid is also known as hydronium chloride, in contrast to its anhydrous parent known as hydrogen chloride, or dry HCl.

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Answer 2

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Answer:

$\textsf{\underline{Hydrochloric acid}}$

➻Hydrochloric acid is a well known acid along with sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

➻It is a colourless inorganic acid with pungent smell.

➻It is classified as a strong acid with pH value around 3.1

➻It dissociates in aqueous medium it dissociates completely to give $H^+ \: and \: Cl^-$ ions.

➻ Naturally, it is found in gastric juice in stomach and helps in activation of enzyme and also killing harmful microorganisms.

➻Formula → HCl

Molar mass → 36.5 g/mol

➻Uses → used in manufacturing of batteries , bulbs , cleaning agent, in industries , manufacturing plastics , leather processing , etc .

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