Define hydrogen bonding and its types with examples
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Hydrogen bond is an attractive force between a partially positive charged hydrogen and a partially negative charged atom (oxygen and nitrogen)
Types of hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonding can occur between two atoms of same molecule or between two atoms of different molecule. Depending on that hydrogen bonding are of two types:
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
1. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding
When hydrogen bonding occurs between to atoms of different molecule then it is called intermolecular hydrogen bonding. For such bonding one molecule should have a partially positive hydrogen as acceptor atom and another should have a partially negative or donor atom..
2. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
When hydrogen bonding occurs between two partially charged atoms of same molecule that is called intramolecular hydrogen bonding. This occurs when two functional groups are present in same molecule and they are in such way that can attract each other to form hydrogen bond. For example salicylic acid has two functional groups alcohol and carboxylic acid. Here intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen atom of alcohol group and the oxygen atom of carboxylic acid group.