Question

define ionozation enthalpy . name the factors on which ionozation enthalpy depends. how does it vary down the group and across the period?​

Answer 1

Ionization enthalpy

The amount of energy required to remove electron from the isolated gaseous state.

Factors on which it depends:-

• atomic size is inversely proportional to ionization enthalpy.
• nuclear charge is directly proportional to the ionization enthalpy.
• screening effect is inversely proportional to the ionization enthalpy.
• penetrating effect is directly proportional to the ionization enthalpy.
• greater the stability of electronic configuration of element the ionization enthalpy increases.

Variation of ionization enthalpy in the periodic table:-

• down the group:- decreases due to increase in size of atom and increases in screening effect between the nucleus and outermost electrons. and less tightly bind by the nucleus. so lesser energy is required to remove the electron from the shell.
• Across the period:- increases due to decrease in atomic size in which outermost electron is highly bind the nucleus so more energy is required to remove the electron.

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