define ketimine in organic chemistry
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Answer:
Ketamine is a medication primarily used for starting and maintaining anesthesia. It induces dissociative anesthesia, a trance-like state providing pain relief, sedation, and amnesia.[19] The distinguishing features of ketamine anesthesia are preserved breathing and airway reflexes, stimulated heart function with increased blood pressure, and moderate bronchodilation.[19] At lower, sub-anesthetic doses, ketamine is a promising agent for pain and treatment-resistant depression.[20] However, the antidepressant action of a single administration of ketamine wanes with time, and the effects of repeated use have not been sufficiently studied.
Answer:
Ketamine, also called 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone or CI581, general anesthetic agent related structurally to the hallucinogen phencyclidine (PCP). Ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 at Parke Davis Laboratories by American scientist Calvin Stevens, who was searching for a new anesthetic to replace PCP, which was not suitable for use in humans because of the severe hallucinogenic effects it produced upon recovery of consciousness. Ketamine was originally patented in Belgium in 1963 and was approved for use in humans by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1970. Soon after, it was put to use to treat American soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War. Today, since ketamine can produce minor hallucinogenic side effects in humans, it is used most often as a veterinary anesthetic. However, the drug does have valuable applications in human medicine, especially as an anesthetic for children and for individuals undergoing minor surgery. It may also be used to treat depression and chronic pain.