Define melting point . What is the relation between melting point and intermolecular force of attraction between the constituent particles ?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The Nature of Intermolecular Forces
Recall that a molecule is defined as a discrete aggregate of atoms bound together sufficiently tightly by directed covalent forces to allow it to retain its individuality when the substance is dissolved, melted, or vaporized. The two words italicized in the preceding sentence are important. Covalent bonding implies that the forces acting between atoms within the molecule (intramolecular) are much stronger than those acting between molecules (intermolecular), The directional property of covalent bonding gives each molecule a distinctive shape which affects a number of its properties.
Liquids and solids composed of molecules are held together by van der Waals (or intermolecular) forces, and many of their properties reflect this weak binding. Molecular solids tend to be soft or deformable, have low melting points, and are often sufficiently volatile to evaporate directly into the gas phase. This latter property often gives such solids a distinctive odor. Whereas the characteristic melting point of metals and ionic solids is ~1000 °C, most molecular solids melt well below ~300 °C. Thus, many corresponding substances are either liquid (water) or gaseous (oxygen) at room temperature.
Classes of Molecular Solids
The vast majority of molecular solids can be attributed to organic compounds containing carbon and hydrogen, such as hydrocarbons (CnHm). Spherical molecules consisting of different number of carbon atoms, called fullerenes, are another important class. Less numerous, yet distinctive molecular solids are halogens (e.g., Cl2) and their compounds with hydrogen (e.g., HCl), as well as light chalcogens (e.g., O2) and pnictogens (e.g., N2).
Conductivity of molecular solids can be induced by “doping” fullerenes (e.g., C60). Its solid form is an insulator because all valence electrons of carbon atoms are involved into the covalent bonds within the individual carbon molecules. However, inserting (intercalating) alkali metal atoms between the fullerene molecules provides extra electrons, which can be easily ionized from the metal atoms and make the material conductive, and even superconductive.
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Answer:
it is the temperature at which a substance starts converting into liquid from solid
a liquid will melt only when its inter molecular space is broken
Explanation:
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