define normality and it's equation
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Normality Formula. Normality Formula. Normality is a rarely used expression which indicates the concentration of a solution. It is defined as the gram equivalent weight per liter of solution. The reason normality is rarely used lies in the definition of gram equivalent weight.
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It could also be expressed in terms of molarity. Normality is the product of molarity and equivalents per mole.
Finally it could also be expressed in terms of hydrogen ion per mole of acids.
Normality = 1 $\times$ molarity of monobasic acids ($HCl$, $HNO_{3}$ etc)
Normality = 2 $\times$ molarity of dibasic acids ($H_{2}SO_{4}$, $H_{2}CO_{3}$ etc)
Normality = 3 $\times$ molarity of tribasic acids ($H_{3}PO_{4}$ etc)
Finally it could also be expressed in terms of hydrogen ion per mole of acids.
Normality = 1 $\times$ molarity of monobasic acids ($HCl$, $HNO_{3}$ etc)
Normality = 2 $\times$ molarity of dibasic acids ($H_{2}SO_{4}$, $H_{2}CO_{3}$ etc)
Normality = 3 $\times$ molarity of tribasic acids ($H_{3}PO_{4}$ etc)
example sum
uestion 1: Mass of hydrogen nitrate dissolved in 750 mL of solvent is found to be 63 grams. Find the normality of the resultant solution.
Solution:
Molarity of the solution (M) = moles of soluteliters of solution
Moles (n) of HNO3 present in 63 grams = 1.0
Volume of solvent in terms of liters = 750 mL1000 mL = 0.75 L
Molarity (M) of the resultant solution = 1.00.75 = 1.33
Normality (N) of the resultant solution = 1 × molarity of resultant solution = 1 × 1.33 = 1.33
(Since, HNO3 is a monobasic acid).
Solution:
Molarity of the solution (M) = moles of soluteliters of solution
Moles (n) of HNO3 present in 63 grams = 1.0
Volume of solvent in terms of liters = 750 mL1000 mL = 0.75 L
Molarity (M) of the resultant solution = 1.00.75 = 1.33
Normality (N) of the resultant solution = 1 × molarity of resultant solution = 1 × 1.33 = 1.33
(Since, HNO3 is a monobasic acid).
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