Question

Define octet rule. Write its significance and limitations.​

Answer 1

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✒Significance of octet rule: The octet rule successfully explains the formation of chemical bonds depending upon the nature of the element. It is used to determine stability in atoms.

✒Some limitations of the octet rule are: It cannot be applied to the nonmetals after silicon in the periodic table.

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Answer 2

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According to Octet rule Atoms can combine either by transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another (gaining or loosing) or by sharing of valence electrons in order to have an octet in their valence shells.

${ \bf{ \underline{Significance}}}$

The octet rule successfully explains the formation of chemical bonds depending upon the nature of the element. It is used to determine stability in atoms. The octet rule helps to figure out how atoms will bond with one another

${ \bf{ \underline{Limitations}}}$

⮂ Hydrogen with 1 electron attains stability by sharing, gaining or losing 1 valence electron. It does not need to complete octet to attain stability. Also, He has only 2 electrons and is stable.

⮂ Incomplete octet: In certain molecules such as BeH2, BeCl2 , the central atom has less than 8 electrons in its valence shell, yet the molecule is stable.

⮂ Expanded octet: In certain molecules such as PF5 , SF 6 , IF7 , the central atom has more than 8 valence electrons, yet the molecule is stable.

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