Question

Define octet rule?write its significance and limitations

Answer 1

The octet rule successfully explained the formation of chemical bonds depending upon the nature of the element. Limitations of the octet theory: 1) The main limitation to the rule is hydrogen, which is at its lowest energy when it has two electrons in its valence shell.

Answer 2

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation that atoms of main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electron configuration as a noble gas.

Some limitations of the octet rule are: It cannot be applied to the nonmetals after silicon in the Periodic Table. These elements can “expand their octet” and have more than eight valence electrons around the central atom. Molecules with an odd number of electrons such as NO and NO₂ cannot satisfy the octet rule.

Significance of octet rule: The octet rule successfully explains the formation of chemical bonds depending upon the nature of the element. It is used to determine stability in atoms. The octet rule helps to figure out how atoms will bond with one another.

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