define orested experiment
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Experiment to Demonstrate the Magnetic Effect of Current
First of all make a simple electrical circuit by joining a long straight wire with a battery and a plug. Now, take a magnetic compass needle and place the straight wire parallel to and over the compass needle. Then switch on the circuit so that current flows through the wire from south to north directions. Now, you will found that the north pole of compass needle gets deflected towards the west.
But, if the direction of current in the wire is reversed then the north pole of the compass needle gets deflected towards the east.
The direction of deflection of magnetic needle can be easily determined by SNOW rule. According to SNOW rule, when current flows through a conductor from South to North direction and the wire is held over magnetic needle then the north pole of the magnetic needle deflects towards west.
In 1820, Oersted established the relationship between electricity and magnetism. He concluded that a current carrying wire produces a magnetic field around it.
Aim:
To show that a current carrying wire produces a magnetic field around it.
Experiment Setup:
A thick insulated copper wire is taken and connected with the battery in such a way that current flows from South to North direction in the wire. A compass needle is placed under the wire.
Observations:
1. When electric current is passed through the wire from South (S) to North (N) directions and the wire is placed over (O) the compass needle, the compass needle gets deflected towards West (W) direction (SNOW Rule).
2. On reversing the direction of current in the wire, the compass needle gets deflected in the opposite direction.
3. When current is switched off, then there is no deflection in the compass needle.
Conclusion:
The deflection of compass needle, whenever there is current in the wire shows that a current carrying wire produces a magnetic field around it.
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