Define permanent tissue their types and functions
Answers
Answer:
Tissues that have become mature and do not have the ability to divide further are called permanent tissues. Permanent tissues are made up of cells that do not undergo cell division. The cells in these tissues are modified to perform some specific functions.
Explanation:
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Explanation:
Parmanent tissue
The tissues that are completely grown and have lost the ability of division are known as permanent tissues. The meristematic tissues divide and differentiate to form the permanent tissues
Types of Permanent Tissue
Simple Permanent Tissue
These are also known as homogenous tissues. They are made up of a single cell type, usually with the same origin, structure, and function.
Simple permanent tissue is further classified into three types:
Parenchyma
The cells have an oval or round shape.
The cell wall is made up of hemicellulose or cellulose.
The cell is thin-walled.
The cells have vacuoles and very small nucleus.
It is found in all parts of the plant.
The protoplasm is living and dense.
Collenchyma
Cells are long and thick-walled.
The cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin.
It is the only tissue with the highest refractive index due to the presence of pectin.
It is found in the epidermis and the vascular bundle of dicot leaf.
The amount of chloroplast is less in the cells.
The cells have no intercellular spaces.
Sclerenchyma
These are dead tissues, very hard and rigid in texture.
Cells are thick-walled with various size and shapes.
These provide mechanical support and rigidity to the plant.
Complex permanent Tissue
The complex tissues are made up of various types of cells carrying out distinct functions and are of two types:
Xylem
It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves of the plant.
It provides support to the plants.
It is divided into-tracheids, vessels, xylem fiber, and xylem parenchyma.
Phloem
It translocates the prepared organic food from the leaves to different parts of the plant.
It is also known as bast.
It is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres.