Define population dynamics. Explain any four factors which affect population and its growth.
Answers
Population dynamics is the branch of life sciences that studies the size and age composition of populations as dynamical systems, and the biological and environmental processes driving them. Example scenarios are ageing populations, population growth, or population decline.
Population growth is based on four fundamental factors: birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration.
1. Birth Rate
It is the average number of the children born in a country compared to the rest of the population.
2. Death Rate
Death rate is the number of people who die every year compared to 1000 people in the population.
3. Fertility Rate
Fertility rate of a population is the average number of children born to a woman in her life time. If fertility is high, population will increase.
4. Net Migration
Migration is the movement of people in to and out of the country. Net migration is the difference between the immigration(people moving in to the country) and emigration(people moving out of the country). A positive net immigration will increase the population, while the opposite decreases the population.
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