Question

define potential difference and their cause.​

Answer 1

Potential difference is a measure of the difference between the average energy of the outermost electrons.

• The potential difference is caused by the ability of electrons to flow from one-half cell to the other.
• Electrons are able to move between electrodes because the chemical reaction is a redox reaction.
• The cell potential (Ecell) is measured in voltage (V), which allows us to give a certain value to the cell potential.
• When the element loses its electrons, the outer shell has eight electrons and hence is a stable and low energy configuration.