Define power sharing & majoritarianism. Describe the majoritarian measures taken by the leaders of the sinhala community to establish their supremacy.
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Answer:
Power Sharing: Distribution of power among different levels/ organs of government is called power sharing.
Majoritarianism: A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes and needs of the minority.
The democratically elected government in Sri Lanka adopted a series of majoritarian measures after its independence in 1948. It adopted Majoritarianism to establish Sinhala supremacy. This includes the following:
(i) In 1956, an Act was passed to recognize Sinhala as the only official language, thus disregarding the Tamilian population.
(ii) The governments followed preferential policies that favoured Sinhala applicants for government jobs and university admissions.
(iii) A new Constitution advocated that the state shall protect and promote Buddhism. All these measures taken by the government gradually increased the feeling of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils.
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