Question

Define precision and accuracy. Explain with one example.

Answer 1

While measuring or analyzing the data , Accuracy and precision are two mandatory factors to consider. 


Precision :- Precision can be define as the consistency of result while measuring again and again , It may differs from each other because of Random errors.
It may be an exact measurement with the small degree of variation while repeating the measurement.

For example :-Measuring through Vernier calipers will provide us the more precise reading on compare to the tape measurement. but incorrect uses of calipers will leads to variation in result,  so it is not much accurate. 
While in the terms of mathematics , more precise value are those which to be close from the decimal. Smaller decimal values are considered as more precise on compare to larger one. Like 9.1 g is more precise then 9 g. 



Accuracy :- Accuracy is define as the closeness of measurement on compare to its true value. So it may be almost correct or free from any type of errors .
According to ISO , Accurate value do not have any types of errors( random & systematic). The value only can be called as Accurate, If the measurement is Accurate as well as precise. 

For Examples :- Imagine that you secured 72.8 % in your Graduation result. If your friend is asking ,how much you secured ? It could be accurate to reply  73 %.  But if you're filling the Form , you have to fill the much accurate value which is 72.8 % .



Single example for Both Accuracy & precision 

Take the measurement of mass of a 20.0 grams known sample

If your scale gives you the values of 17.5, 17.6, 17.5, and 17.7 grams.
It proves that your scale is precise, but not exactly accurate.

If your scale gives you values of 19.8, 20.5, 21.0, 19.6 grams.
it is more accurate on compare to first one , but not much precise.

[So in a single word we can say Accurate is correct , precision is repeating.]



Hope it Helps :-)

Answer 2

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