Question

define proto industrialization state its feature

Answer 1

Proto-industrialization (also spelledproto-industrialisation) was a possible phase in the development of modern industrial economies that preceded, and created conditions for, the establishment of fully industrial societies. Proto-industrialisationgenerally refers to the phase beforeindustrialisation.

features are
1) Extensive production for international market even before factories was set up.
2) Trade guilds and urban crafts restricted the growth of existing merchants as well as entry of new comers in towns.
3) Guilds were more powerful and they were given exclusive monopoly rights to manufacture and trade in certain products.
4) Hence the merchants shifted to country side and supplied money to peasants to expand production.
5) As enclosures had taken place, poor farmers who lost their lands started working for merchants.
6) Thus income from proto-industrial production improved their reducing income from farming.

Answer 2

When industrial revolution had not been occured, still there were industries which were producing on large scale for international market, these industries were called proto industries.

1) Extensive production for international market even before factories was set up.
2) Trade guilds and urban crafts restricted the growth of existing merchants as well as entry of new comers in towns.
3) Guilds were more powerful and they were given exclusive monopoly rights to manufacture and trade in certain products.
4) Hence the merchants shifted to country side and supplied money to peasants to expand production.
5) As enclosures had taken place, poor farmers who lost their lands started working for merchants.
6) Thus income from proto-industrial production improved their reducing income from farming.