Define Raga Malkauns and Write its Notation and Composition
Answers
Answer:
The name Malkaush is derived from the combination of Mal and Kaushik, which means he who wears serpents like garlands — the god Shiva. However, the Malav-Kaushik mentioned in classical texts does not appear to be the same as the Malkauns performed today.The raga is believed to have been created by goddess Parvati to calm lord Shiva, when he was outraged and refused to calm down after Tandav in rage of Sati's sacrifice.
Its notes are Sa, komal Ga, shuddh Ma, komal Dha, and komal Ni. In raga Malkauns, Rishabh (Re - second) and Pancham (Pa - perfect fifth) are completely omitted. Arohana : .ni. Sa ga Ma dha ni *Sa*
Avarohana : *Sa* ni dha Ma ga Ma ga Sa OR *Sa* ni dha Ma ga Sa
The vadi swara is Madhyam (Ma) while the Samavadi swara is Shadaj (Sa).
Pakad : ga ma dha ma ga ma ga sa
Malkauns is a serious, meditative raga, and is developed mostly in the lower octave (mandra saptak) and in a slow tempo (vilambit laya). Ornaments such as meend, gamak and andolan are used rather than 'lighter' ornaments such as murki and khatka. Komal Ni is generally considered the starting note (graha swara), and the notes komal Ga and komal Dha are performed with vibrato (andolit). All five swaras can function as pausing notes.
The komal Ni in Malkauns is different from the komal Ni in Bhimpalasi.
The best time for this raga is late night. The effect of the raga is soothing and intoxicating.
Malkauns is a solemn, meditative raga that is mostly produced in the bottom octave (mandra saptak) and at a slow tempo (vilambit laya). 'Heavier' decorations like meend, gamak, and andolan are preferred over 'lighter' ornaments like murki and khatka.
Avarohana: Sa ni dha Ma ga Ma ga Sa; Sa ni ...
Arohana: ni. Sa ga Ma dha ni *Sa*
Thaat: Bhairavi
Equivalent: Hindolam