Define refraction and its laws.
Answers
Answer:
In physics, refraction is the change in direction of a wave passing from one medium to another or from a gradual change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction.
Laws of Refraction
The incident ray, reflected ray and the normal, to the interface of any two given mediums; all lie in the same plane.
The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence and sine of the angle of refraction is constant
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Refraction : The phenomenon of change in the direction of light when it passes from one transparent medium to another is called refraction.
Laws of refraction:
(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.
(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media. This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.
If i is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction, then, 1μ2 = sin i ÷ sin r
This constant value is called the refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first.