Question

Define refraction. State the two laws of refraction.

Answer 1

Answer:

The phenomenon of bending of light is known as refraction. The two laws of refraction are given as follows.

a. The incident ray, the normal at the point of incidence and the refracted ray all lie on the same plane.

b. For a given pair of media of different densities, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is always a constant, that is,

$\large\pink{\dfrac{ sin \: i}{sin \: r} = \sf{constant}}$

Answer 2

Explanation:

Solution

Refraction : The phenomenon of change in the direction of light when it passes from one transparent medium to another is called refraction.

Laws of refraction:

(i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal to the interface of two transparent media at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane.

(ii) The ratio of sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is a constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media. This law is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.

If i is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction, then,

1 μ 2 = sin r/sin i

This constant value is called the refractive index of the second medium

with respect to the first.