define refractive index and write it's S.I unit and dimensional formula.
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Explanation:
Refractive Index (Index of Refraction) is a value calculated from the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to that in a second medium of greater density.
Refractive Index (n) = speed of light in vacuum × [speed of light in medium]-1. Since, Speed = Distance × [Time]-1. ∴ The dimensional formula of speed = [M0 L1 T-1] As the refractive index is the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum and medium.
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Refractive Index is defined as the relative speed at which light moves through a material with respect to its speed in vacuum. As both the values belong to same quantity (speed), units gets nullified. So Refractive Index is dimensionless quantity. Dimensional Formula of Refractive Index= M0L0T0.
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