Question

define saponification and esterification

Answer 1

Esterfication reaction: When an organic acid reacts with an alcohol in the presence of acid catalyst, it produces a sweet  smelling substance called ester. this reaction is called esterfication reaction,
e.g., CH 3 COOH + C 2 H 5 0H ---------> CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 +H 2 O

Saponification: Ester reacts in the presence of an acid or a base to give back the 
alcohol and the carboxylic acid. this reaction is known as Saponification because it is used in the preparation of soap.
CH3COOC2H5 -----------> CH3COOH + C2H5OH

Answer 2

*Esterification reaction

1)

in esterification reaction ethanol reacts with carboxylic acid in the presence of little concentrated Sulphuric acids to form Ester..

2) for example-

ethanol acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of little concentrated sulphuric acid to form Ester

3) reaction -

C2H5OH + CH3COOH + concentrated H2SO4 --------> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

4) Use-

Esterification reaction is used to prepare Ester which is sweet smelling

***saponification reaction

1) In saponification ester is reacted

with base such as sodium hydroxide so that it converts back to alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid

2)for example ethyl ethanoate on reaction with Sodium Hydroxide gives ethanol and sodium ethanoate

3) Reaction -

CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH ----> C2H5OH +

CH3COONa

4) Use -

saponification reaction is used to prepare soap

hope helped..