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Define :-
solution
suspension
Answers
★ Solution
- A solution is a uniform and stable mixture of at least two substances.
The dispersed substance ( solute ) is dispersed in another substance (solvent) with molecules or smaller particles. The substance has three states of solid, liquid and gas at normal temperature . Therefore, the solution also has three states, the atmosphere itself is a gas solution, and the solid solution mixture is often called a solid solution , such as an alloy. The general solution only refers to the liquid solution. The liquid solution includes two kinds, namely, an electrolyte solution capable of conducting electricity and a non-electrolyte solution which cannot conduct electricity . The so-called colloidal solution is more precisely called sol . Among them, solute is equivalent to dispersant , and solvent is equivalent to dispersant . Common solutions in life include sucrose solution, iodine wine, clear lime water , dilute hydrochloric acid , brine, air, etc.
★ Properties of solution
- Uniformity : the density, composition and properties of the solution are exactly the same.
- Stability: When the temperature is constant and the amount of solvent is constant, the solute and solvent will not separate for a long time (transparent).
- Mixture: The solution must be a mixture.
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★ Composition
- Solute: The dissolved substance (for example: salt and water are used to prepare brine, salt is the solute).
- Solvent: a substance that can dissolve other substances (for example: salt and water are used to configure brine, water is the solvent)
- When the two solutions are mutually soluble, the one with a larger amount is generally called a solvent, and the one with a smaller amount is called a solute.
- When the two solutions are mutually soluble, if one of them is water, the water is generally called the solvent.
- Solid or gas dissolves in liquid, usually called liquid.
Among them, water (H 2 O) is the most commonly used solvent, which can dissolve many substances. Gasoline, alcohol , chloroform, banana water are also commonly used solvents, such as gasoline can dissolve grease, alcohol can dissolve iodine and so on.
The solute can be solid, liquid or gas; if the two liquids dissolve with each other, generally the one with more amount is called solvent and the one with less amount is called solute.
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★ Suspension
- In some mixtures, the material distributed in the liquid material is not dissolved, but only dispersed in it. Once the mixture stops shaking, it will precipitate. This heterogeneous and heterogeneous mixture is called Suspension.
Suspension of the solute, because of Brownian motion can not be quickly sinking time the solid disperse phase mixture with said liquid suspension. The particle size of the solid particles in the suspension is 10 -3 ~ 10 -4 cm, which is larger than the colloid.
★ Basic information
The solid particles are dispersed in the liquid and cannot sink quickly due to Brownian motion. At this time, the mixture of the solid dispersed phase and the liquid is called a suspension.
Solute size: The particle size of the solid particles in the suspension is greater than 100 nm and greater than the colloid.
- Nature: Silt is a suspension (body) formed by tiny soil particles suspended in water. Suspension gel (body) is different from sol , in which the particles of the dispersed phase are larger, the stability is smaller, and it is easy to precipitate out. When preparing a suspension, a dispersant can usually be added to stabilize the suspension. The role of the dispersant is mostly to adjust the viscosity of the medium or the properties of the interfacial film , preventing the particles from adhering to coalescence.
Answer:
What is a Suspension?
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which solute-like particles settle out of a solvent-like phase sometime after their introduction. We use the terms 'solute-like' and 'solvent-like' because we are dealing with a heterogeneous mixture, while the terms solute and solvent refer to homogeneous solutions.
We apply the word 'suspension' when particles are big enough to eventually settle. If the particles are too small to ever settle, they are said to form a colloid.
Examples of Suspensions
Example 1
Sometimes, in the right light, you will be able to see particles of dust floating in a room. Eventually the dust will settle on the floor and on furniture, and the room will need to be cleaned. Dust in air is a suspension.
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution may exist in any phase.
A solution consists of a solute and a solvent. The solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in solvent is called its solubility. For example, in a saline solution, salt is the solute dissolved in water as the solvent.
For solutions with components in the same phase, the substances present in lower concentration are solutes, while the substance present in highest abundance is the solvent. Using air as an example, oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are solutes, while nitrogen gas is the solvent.
Characteristics of a Solution
A chemical solution exhibits several properties:
A solution consists of a homogeneous mixture.
A solution is composed of one phase (e.g., solid, liquid, gas).
Particles in a solution are not visible to the naked eye.
A solution does not scatter a light beam.
Components of a solution cannot be separated using simple mechanical filtration.
Solution Examples
Any two substances which can be evenly mixed may form a solution. Even though materials of different phases may combine to form a solution, the end result always exists of a single phase.
An example of a solid solution is brass. An example of a liquid solution is aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl in water). An example of a gaseous solution is air.
Solution Type Example
gas-gas air
gas-liquid carbon dioxide in soda
gas-solid hydrogen gas in palladium metal
liquid-liquid gasoline
solid-liquid sugar in water
liquid-solid mercury dental amalgam
solid-solid sterling silver