define spony cells....
definition of at least 5 marks
Answers
Explanation:
Essentially, mesophyll cells are highly differentiated cells that make up the mesophyll layer found in plant leaves. In the leaves of dicotyledonous plants, this layer is composed of two types of cells, namely, the spongy and palisade cells. These cells also house chloroplasts thus making the mesophyll the site of photosynthesis.
Some of the main characteristics include:
Located between the upper and lower epidermis
Make up the bulk of the internal tissue of leaves
Vary in shape
Form a type of ground tissue
* The word mesophyll comes from two Greek words; mesos, which means middle and phyllo meaning leaf.
* Whereas the mesophyll tissue is composed of two layers of cells (spongy and palisade cells), the mesophyll tissue in monocots is largely composed of isodiametric cells (cells that appear spherical or polyhedral in shape).
In order to clearly understand the location and arrangement of mesophyll cells, it's important to look at the general structure of a leaf.
A leaf is made up of a number of tissues that include the epidermis, the mesophyll layer, and the vascular tissue.
The epidermis composed of epidermal cells is the outer most layer that covers the upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surface of the leaf. While the epidermis is a separate tissue from the other two, it acts as a protective layer that regulates material that enter or leave the cell.
The mesophyll (ground tissue) is located between the upper and lower epidermis. Here, and particularly in dicots, the mesophyll is composed of two types of cells that include the palisade parenchyma cells located just below the epidermis and the spongy parenchyma cells that are located below the palisade cells and above the lower epidermis.
The vascular tissue, on the other hand, is located in the mesophyll layer where they are involved in the movement of material to the cells. The mesophyll layer, consisting of mesophyll cells, is therefore sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis with the vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) running between its cells.
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Answer:
spongy parenchyma. [ spŭn′jē ] A layer of cells in the interior of leaves, consisting of loosely arranged, irregularly shaped cells that have chloroplasts. The spongy parenchyma has many spaces between cells to facilitate the circulation of air and the exchange of gases. It lies just below the palisade layer.