Define state . Discuss its elements.
Answers
Answer:
The state is the most universal and most powerful of all social institutions. The state is a natural institution. Aristotle said man is a social animal and by nature he is a political being. To him, to live in the state and to be a man were indentical.
The modern term 'state' is derived from the word 'status'. It was Niccolo Machiavelli ( 1469 - 1527) who first used the term 'state' in his writings. His important work is titled as 'Prince'.
The state is the highest form of human association. It is necessary because it comes into existence out of the basic needs of life. It continues to remain for the sake of good life.
The aims, desires and aspirations of human beings are translated into action through the state. Though the state is a necessary institution, no two writers agree on its definition.
To Woodrow Wilson, 'State is a people organized for law within a definite territory.'
Aristotle defined the state as a 'union of families and villages having for its end a perfect and self - sufficing life by which it meant a happy and honourable life'.
To Holland, the state is 'a numerous assemblage of human beings generally occupying a certain territory amongst whom the will of the majority or class is made to privail against any of their number who oppose it.'
Burgess defines the state as 'a particular portion of mankind According to Sidgwick. 'State is a combination or association of persons in the form of government and governed and united together into a politically organized people of a definite territory.'
According to Garner, 'State is a community of people occupying a definite form of territory free of external control and possessing an organized government to which people show habitual obedience.'
Prof. Laski defines 'state as a territorial society divided into government and subjects whose relationships are determined by the exercise of supreme coercive power.'
Elements :
From the above definitions, it is clear that the following are the elements of the state :-
Physical bases of the State
1.Population
2. Territory
Political bases of the State
1.Government
2.Soverignty
Elements of the State
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