define strong acid explain it
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Answer:
strong acid is one that is completely dissociated or ionized in an aqueous solution. It is a chemical species with a high capacity to lose a proton, H+. In water, a strong acid loses one proton, which is captured by water to form the hydronium ion: HA(aq) + H2O → H3O+(aq) + A−(aq)
When an acid dissolves in water, a proton (hydrogen ion) is transferred to a water molecule to produce a hydroxonium ion and a negative ion depending on what acid you are starting from.
In the general case . . .
These reactions are all reversible, but in some cases, the acid is so good at giving away hydrogen ions that we can think of the reaction as being one-way. The acid is virtually 100% ionised.
For example, when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water to make hydrochloric acid, so little of the reverse reaction happens that we can write:
At any one time, virtually 100% of the hydrogen chloride will have reacted to produce hydroxonium ions and chloride ions. Hydrogen chloride is described as a strong acid.
A strong acid is one which is virtually 100% ionised in solution.
Other common strong acids include sulphuric acid and nitric acid.
You may find the equation for the ionisation written in a simplified form:
This shows the hydrogen chloride dissolved in the water splitting to give hydrogen ions in solution and chloride ions in solution.
This version is often used in this work just to make things look easier. If you use it, remember that the water is actually involved, and that when you write H+(aq) what you really mean is a hydroxonium ion, H3O+.
Strong acids and pH :-
pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. Strong acids like hydrochloric acid at the sort of concentrations you normally use in the lab have a pH around 0 to 1. The lower the pH, the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.