Define subsistence and commercial agriculture.
Answers
Answer:
it is a type of farming in which farmer grow crops on small patches of land
it is a type of farming in which farmer grow crops to sell in the market
SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE : It is the earliest type of farming which is carried out at small scale by a farmer to grow food for personal community consumption. In this type of agriculture, farmer grow a wide ranges of crops based on the anticipated needs of their families or the community. Many farmers trade their excess crops and the life stocks for buying required goods. This type of agriculture is still common in less developed parts of the world. Subsistence agriculture includes nomadic herding, shifting agriculture and intensive subsistence agriculture.
Nomadic Herding : People migrate along with their animals from one place to another in the search of fodder for their animals. Generally, the rear cattle, sheep, goat, camel for milk, skin, meat and wool.
Shifting Agriculture : Shifting agriculture is also called as slash and burn agriculture. After the soil losses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivators move to a new plot.
Intensive subsistence agriculture: This type of agriculture is characterised buy high output per unit of the land. Although the nature of this agriculture has change the and in many areas it is no more Subsistence, still the term intensive subsistence is used to describe the agriculture practiced or small plots of land in thickly populated parts of the world.
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COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE : Commercial agriculture is typically done on a very large scale with the purpose of selling the produce in market to make profits. Therefore, farmers select and so a single crop according to the natural (geographical) and market conditions of the region. These type of Agriculture is divided into four categories, they are as follows :
Extensive agriculture : It is practiced in developed country, such as Australia, Canada, Russia and USA. Agriculture is done on a large scale on big land holdings by using modern machines. It is generally practice in sparsely populated region, where land is available in abundance and the input labour is less.
Plantation agriculture : Plantation is a large farm or estate usually in a tropical and sub-tropical country, where crops are grown for sale in distant markets rather than the local consumption.
Living ranching : Livestock ranching is also a part of commercial agriculture. It is the mostly adapted in arid or semi-arid temperate regions where the soil is too poor to support crops and population is sparse.
Dairy Farming : It is a specialised from the agriculture for the large scale production of milk. It is a labour intensive activity. Worldwide, India is the largest milk producer and New Zealand is the largest cow milk exporter.
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