define the angle of contact/factor affecting on it.
Answers
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>>Factors affecting angle of contact: When a liquid comes in contact with a solid surface it is generally curved at the point of contact. ... If the liquid is not pure and the surface of solid is not clean, then angle of contact will change. The angle of contact between pure water and clean glass is nearly zero.
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Answer:
When a liquid comes in contact with a solid surface it is generally curved at the point of contact. There exists an angle between these two contact surfaces. Apparently this angle is the contact angle. Contact angle and the wetting behavior of solid particles are influenced by many physical and chemical factors such as surface roughness and heterogeneity as well as particle shape and size. The angle of contact depends on the following factors:
(a) The nature of liquid and solid.
b) The medium above the surface of the liquid. For example, angle of contact between mercury and glass when there is air above mercury surface is different than the angle of contact between them when water is there above mercury surface.
(c) Purity of liquids and solids. If the liquid is not pure and the surface of solid is not clean, then angle of contact will change. The angle of contact between pure water and clean glass is nearly zero. But for a slightly oily glass plate the angle of contact increases, may even become more than 90°.
(d) Surface geometry can be used to tune the contact angle; with increasing surface roughness the apparent contact angle decreases for hydrophilic materials and increases for hydrophobic materials.
Explanation: