Question

define the foll. a. evaporation. b. centrifugation.
c. decantation
d. sublimation
e. distillation and fractional distillation
f. chromatography
g. magnetic separation
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Answer 1

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a) evaporation is the process of conversion of liquid state into vapour by thermal energy, under atmospheric pressure.e.g. used to obtain salt from seawater.

b)centrifugation is the process where a mixture is separated through spinning.it is used for components having different densities.e.g. separation of butter from cream.

c)decantation is the process of separating one liquid and one particulate matter.In decantation the mixture of both is allowed to rest and the liquid is poured into another container leaving the particulate matter on the bottom of the previous container.e.g. separating water and sand.

d) sublimation is a process which is used for separating mixture that contain a sublimate with volatile component from a non sublimate impurity.e.g. separation of ammonium chloride and sodium chloride (salt).

e)distillation is a process that is used to separate components of a mixture containing two miscible liquids that boys without decomposition and have sufficient difference in their boiling points. (at least 25K).

fractional distillation is a process which is used to separate a mixture of two or more miscible liquids for which the difference in boiling point is less than 25 k.e.g. separation of different.

f)chromatography is the technique used for separation of those solutes that are dissolved in the same solvent.e.g. separating drugs from blood.

g)magnetic separation is the process that is used to separate metallic objects from a heap of different metallic and nonmetallic objects.e.g. separating iron from a heap of garbage