Question

Define the following :-
1) Asymmetry Carbon
2) Chiral molecule
3) Racemic mixture
4) Racemisation
5) Retention Configuration.




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Answer 1

Answer:

Aaymmetry carbon =carbon atom in union with four atoms or groups no two of which are alike, compounds containing such a carbon atom being capable of existing in two optically active forms which are distinguished by being respectively levorotatory and dextrorotatory and also in some cases by having enantiomorphous crystal forms.

2) chiral molecule =In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes. This geometric property is called chirality.

3)Racemic mixture = racemic mixture, also called racemate, a mixture of equal quantities of two enantiomers, or substances that have dissymmetric molecular structures that are mirror images of one another. ... The name is derived from racemic acid, the first example of such a substance to be carefully studied

4) Racemisation = In chemistry, racemization is a conversion, by heat or by chemical reaction, of an optically active compound into a racemic (optically inactive) form. Half of the optically active substance becomes its mirror image (enantiomer) referred as racemic mixtures (i.e. contain equal amount of (+) and (−) forms).

5) Retention Configuration = Retention of configuration: A process in which the relative configuration or absolute configuration of an atom is retained. If the atom in question is a stereocenter, retention of configuration usually (but not always) changes an R absolute configuration into R, and S into S.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Asymmetry Carbon

An asymmetric carbon atom (chiral carbon) is a carbon atom that is attached to four different types of atoms or groups of atoms. Molecules that cannot be superimposed on their own mirror image are said to be chiral like mirror image.

Chiral molecule

A molecule or ion is called chiral . if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes. This geometric property is called chirality.

Racemic mixture

racemic mixture, also called racemate, a mixture of equal quantities of two enantiomers, or substances that have dissymmetric molecular structures that are mirror images of one another. The name is derived from racemic acid, the first example of such a substance to be carefully studied.

Racemisation

Racemisation is the process when the enantiomer is converted into a racemic mixture (by chemical reaction) or when one pure form( which is optically active ) of an enantiomer is converted into equal proportion of both enantiomers, forming a racemate. This can be done by heat, chemical reaction etc.

Retention Configuration.

Retention is defined as a state where absolute configuration and relative configuration of the atom or a molecule is maintained. In the retention of configuration the chiral carbon and the group attached to the chiral carbon remain in the same position before and after the reaction.

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