Question

define the following terms​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Meristematic tissues are cells or group of cells that have the ability to divide. These tissues in a plant consist of small, densely packed cells that can keep dividing to form new cells.
2. Permanent tissues are made up of cells that do not undergo cell division. The cells in these tissues are modified to perform some specific functions. The cells in permanent tissues are fully grown, bigger in size, and have a certain shape. ... Permanent tissues are derived from the meristematic tissue
3. Supporting tissues are types of connective tissues. It forms the framework and supporting structures of the body, including bone, cartilage, mucous membrane, and fat. Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma, Vascular tissues (Xylem, Phloem) are the supporting tissues in plants
4. Complex permanent tissue is defined as a collection of structurally dissimilar cells performing a common function or set of functions. They are made up of more than one type of cells. They are of two types xylem and phloem. Xylem is the chief water conducting tissue of the plants
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Answer 2

(i) What is a meristematic tissue

Solution :

(i) Plant tissues are classified into two types:

(a) Meristematic tissue

(b) Permanent or non-diving tissue.

Tissues made up of actively dividing cells are called meristematic tissues or meristems.

Meristematic tissues are responsible for plant growth. They are present at the tips of roots,stem and branches.The cells present in these tissues constantly divide to produce new cells.This leads to an increase in the height and girth of plants.Meristematic tissues are characterised by the following features:

The cells actively divide to produce new cells.

The cells are generally small and the cell walls are thin.

The cells have large nuclei and vacuoles are absent.

Difference between Meristematic and permanent Meristematic tissue:

Meristematic tissue:

Meristematic tissues are responsible for plant growth. They are present at the tips of roots,stem and branches.The cells present in these tissues constantly divide to produce new cells.

The cells actively divide to produce new cells.

Meristematic cells may be intercalary as in case of monocots.

The cells are immature and mitochondria simple.

The cells have large nuclei and vacuoles are absent.

Permanent Tissue:

The cells produced by meristematic tissues grow and,on maturity,get differentiated to carry out specialised functions.These cells form permanent tissues as they do not divide further.

Based on the type of function they perform,permanent tissues are of three types-protective tissue ,supporting tissue and conducting tissue.

Living cells of permanent tissue have vacuoles.The cells are large and of different shapes.

The cells fully mature,mitochondria fully developed.

These cells may act as epidermis cortex or grit cells. Sclerenchyma gives strength.

(ii) Soak some green gram seeds overnight in water and then keep them on soaked cotton in a petridish. After two or three days,you will see white sprouts coming out of the seeds.Observe these daily,they grow very fast.Their root tip consists of meristematic tissues which help in their growth.

(iii) Main function of Meristematic tissue is:

Meristematic tissues are found at all growing points in a plant, like the tip of roots,stems and branches,where growth in length occurs.The growth in the thickness of stem is also due to meristematic tissue.