Define the following terms:
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Hypotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
Endocytosis
Nucleoid
Nucleolus
Detoxification
Membrane Biogenesis
Chromosomes
Chromatin
Answers
Answer:
1
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
2
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities.
3
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. In biology, a solution outside of a cell is called hypotonic if it has a lower concentration of solutes relative to the cytosol.
4
A hypertonic solution has a greater concentration of solutes than another solution. In biology, the tonicity of a solution usually refers to its solute concentration relative to that of another solution on the opposite side of a cell membrane; a solution outside of a cell is called hypertonic if it has a greater concentration of solutes than the cytosol inside the cell.
5
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested material. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
6
The nucleoid (meaning nucleus-like) is an irregularly shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most of the genetic material, called genophore.
7
The nucleolus is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis.
8
Detoxification or detoxication (detox for short) is the physiological or medicinal removal of toxic substances from a living organism, including the human body, which is mainly carried out by the liver.
9
Membrane biogenesis is the process which involves the synthesis of cell membrane with the help of proteins and lipids. Endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the synthesis of these membranes.
10
Chromosome is
a part of a cell in living things that decides the sex, character, shape, etc. that a person, an animal or a plant will have.
11
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells.[1] Its primary function is packaging very long DNA molecules into a more compact, denser shape, which prevents the strands from becoming tangled and plays important roles in reinforcing the DNA during cell division.
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