Question

Define the following terms:

i. Parenchyma

ii. Collenchyma

iii. Sclerenchyma

iv. Hypotonic Solution

v. Hypertonic solution

vi. Isotonic solution


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Answer 1

Explanation:

(I) Parenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue that makes a major part of ground tissues in plants, where other tissues like vascular tissues are embedded. They are non-vascular and composed of simple, living and undifferentiated cells, which are modified to perform various functions.

(ii) Collenchyma, in plants, support tissue of living elongated cells with irregular cell walls. Collenchyma cells have thick deposits of cellulose in their cell walls and appear polygonal in cross section. The strength of the tissue results from these thickened cell walls and the longitudinal interlocking of the cells.

(iii) Sclerenchyma is the tissue which makes the plant hard and stiff. Sclerenchyma is the supporting tissue in plants. Two types of sclerenchyma cells exist: fibers cellular and sclereids. Their cell walls consist of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.

(iv) A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. In biology, a solution outside of a cell is called hypotonic if it has a lower concentration of solutes relative to the cytosol. Due to osmotic pressure, water diffuses into the cell, and the cell often appears turgid, or bloated

(v) Tonicity is a measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient; the water potential of two solutions separated by a semipermeable cell membrane. In other words, tonicity is the relative concentration of solutes dissolved in solution which determine the direction and extent of diffusion.

(vi) An isotonic solution is one that has the same osmolarity, or solute concentration, as another solution. If these two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, water will flow in equal parts out of each solution and into the other.

I hope this answer may help u...........

Answer 2

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Definitions

i) Parenchyma :- A simple permanent tissue which is responsible for the storage.

ii) Collenchyma :- A simple permanent tissue which is responsible for the bending of leaves and stems.

iii) Sclerenchyma :- A simple permanent tissue which is made up of dead cells.

iv) Hypotonic Solution :- Solution with lower concentration of solutes than another solutions. This solution is called as dilute solution.

v) Hypertonic Solution :- Solution with higher concentration of solutes. It contains more dissolved particles.

vi) Isotonic Solution :- Solution contain equal concentrations of impermeable solutes.