Question

DEFINE the followings
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1-Heredity
2- Variation
3-Evolution
4- crossing over
5- Monohybrid cross
6- Dihybrid cross​

Answer 1

• heredity

the passing on the physical or mental characteristic generatically from one generation to another.

• evolution

evolution may be defined as an internet directional change or any relative change in the characteristics of organism or population over many generation.

• crossing over

crossing over is the swapping of genetic material that occurs in the germline.

• monohybrid cross

a monohybrid cross is defined as a cross happening in the F1 generation of spring of parents differing in one trait only.

• dihyorid cross

a dihyorid cross is a cross happens F1 generation of spring of differing in two traits....

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Answer 2

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{pink}{QUESTION:}}$

DEFINE the followings

●●●●●●●●●●●

1-Heredity

2- Variation

3-Evolution

4- crossing over

5- Monohybrid cross

6- Dihybrid cross

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{blue}{Answer:}}$

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{green}{1-Heredity:}}$

❥ A transmission of characters from the parents to their offsprings is called heredity.

❥In simple terms, heredity means continuity of features from one generation to the next.

❥The heredity information is present on the gametes of the parents.

❥So, gametes constitute the link between one generation and the next and pass on parents' traits to their children.

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{orange}{2- Variation:}}$

❥The differences in the characters among the individuals of a species is called variation.

❥Eg:- Human height is a trait which shows variation.

❥This is because some people are very tall, some are less tall, some have medium height, some have short height whereas others are very short.

❥Some amount of variations is produced even during asexual reproduction but it is very small.

❥The number of variations produced during sexual reproduction is, however, very large.

❥The variation is a necessity for organic evolution.

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{red}{3-Evolution:}}$

❥Evolution is the sequence of gradual changes which take place in the primitive organisms over million of years in which new species are produced.

❥Since the evolution is of the living organisms, so they are called 'organic evolution'.

❥All the plants and animals which we see today around us have evolved from some or the other ancestors that lived on this earth long years ago.

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{purple}{4- crossing over :}}$

❥Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segments between non-sister chromatids during the production of gametes.

❥During the formation of egg and sperm cells, also known as meiosis, paired chromosomes from each parent align so that similar DNA sequences from the paired chromosomes cross over one another.

❥Crossing over occurs most often between different alleles coding for the same gene.

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{aqua}{5- Monohybrid cross:}}$

❥A monohybrid cross is a genetic mix between two individuals who have homozygous genotypes, or genotypes that have completely dominant or completely recessive alleles, which result in opposite phenotypes for a certain genetic trait.

❥Breeding a long-stemmed pea plant with a short-stemmed pea plant is an example of a monohybrid cross.

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$\huge{\fcolorbox{white}{yellow}{6- Dihybrid cross:}}$

❥Dihybrid cross is a cross between two different genes that differ in two observed traits.

❥A dihybrid cross describes a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits.

❥A hybrid organism is one that is heterozygous, which means that is carries two different alleles at a particular genetic position, or locus.

❥For example, say we are crossing two pea plants. The two traits we are looking at are the seed color and shape. The first seed is green and wrinkly, and the second is yellow and round.

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