define the terms, internal resistance, electromotive force, terminal potential difference of a cell
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The definition of a term is a word or group of words that has a special meaning, a specific time period or a condition of a contract. An example of term is "cultural diversity."
Internal Resistance. The resistance offered by the electrolyte to the flow of etectric current through it is claled the internal resistance of the cell.
Electromotive force. The potential difference between the two poles of a cell in an open circuit (when no current is drawn from the cell), is called the e.m.f. of the cell.
Due to its e.m.f., a cell drives the charge round the circuit. therefore, e.m.f. of a cell is also defined as the energy supplied by the cell to drive a unit charge round the complete circuit. it is denoted by E.
In S.I., the unit of e.m.f. is volt (V) or joule per coulomb (J C−1)(J C-1).
The e.m.f. of a cell is called one volt, if 1 joule of work is performed by the cell to drive one coulomb of charge round the circuit.
When the current flows through the cell, its electrolyte offers resistance to the flow of current.
Terminal Potential Difference of a Cell
The potential difference between the two poles of a cell in a closed circuit (when current is drawn from the cell) is called the terminal potential difference of the cell. It is denoted by V. ,br> When current flows through the circuit, there is fall of potential across the internal resistance of the cell. the potential difference between the two poles of the cell is less than the e.m.f. of the cell by an amount equal to potential drop across the internal resistance. therefore, the terminal potential difference ofa cell is always less than its e.m.f.
Relation between e.m.f., potential difference and internal resistance of a cell.