Define the terms momentum and impulse. State
and explain the law of conservation of linear
momentum. Give Examples?
Answers
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Momentum
is a word that we hear used colloquially in everyday life. We are often told that sports teams and political candidates have "a lot of momentum". In this context, the speaker usually means to imply that the team or candidate has had a lot of recent success and that it would be difficult for an opponent to change their trajectory. This is also the essence of the meaning in physics, though in physics we need to be much more precise.
- Momentum is a measurement of mass in motion: how much mass is in how much motion..
Impulse
is a term that quantifies the overall effect of a force acting over time. It is conventionally given the symbol \text{J}Jstart text, J, end text and expressed in Newton-seconds.
When we calculate impulse, we are multiplying force by time. This is equivalent to finding the area under a force-time curve. This is useful because the area can just as easily be found for a complicated shape—variable force—as for a simple rectangle—constant force. It is only the overall net impulse that matters for understanding the motion of an object following an impulse
The law of conservation of linear momentum
states that if no external forces act on the system of two colliding objects, then the vector sum of the linear momentum of each body remains constant and is not affected by their mutual interaction. ... Therefore, 'P' is constant or conserved
Explanation:
momentum is defined as a product of mass and velocity
while impulses define as rate of change of angular momentum
law of conservation of momentum states that momentum is always conserved dynamic equilibrium
examples
when a bullet is shooted from a gun it receives backward push as forward bullet momentum is to be conserved in the backward direction
example 2
bomb at rest explodes into two parts therefore it needs to go in opposite directions