. Define the various factors responsible for the Monsoon Mechanism in India.
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1. The differential heating and cooling of land and water. Land warms faster and reaches a higher temperature than the ocean. The hot air rises, creating low pressure, creates a steady wind blowing toward the land, bringing the moist near-surface air over the oceans with it. In winter the land cools off quickly, but the ocean keeps the heat for longer. The hot air over the ocean rises, creating low pressure area and a breeze from land to ocean.
2. The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) low pressure belt of highly unstable weather, northward towards India.
3. The presence of the high pressure area, east of Madagascar, at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. High pressure in the subtropical region of the Pacific Ocean is northern hemisphere. In the south part of Indian Ocean there is low pressure. This causes shifting of winds.
4. The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents, formation of high pressure over the plateau. The Southeast trade winds originating from a high pressure attracted by a low pressure region centered over South Asia. It gives rise to surface winds that ferry humid air into India from southwest. These inflows ultimately results from rising summer temperature over Tibet and the Indian subcontinent.
2. The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) low pressure belt of highly unstable weather, northward towards India.
3. The presence of the high pressure area, east of Madagascar, at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. High pressure in the subtropical region of the Pacific Ocean is northern hemisphere. In the south part of Indian Ocean there is low pressure. This causes shifting of winds.
4. The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents, formation of high pressure over the plateau. The Southeast trade winds originating from a high pressure attracted by a low pressure region centered over South Asia. It gives rise to surface winds that ferry humid air into India from southwest. These inflows ultimately results from rising summer temperature over Tibet and the Indian subcontinent.
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